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![]() Several countries conscript male soldiers not only for armed forces, but also for paramilitary agencies, which are dedicated to police-like domestic only service like internal troops, border guards or non-combat rescue duties like civil defence.Īs of 2023, many states no longer conscript their citizens, relying instead upon professional militaries with volunteers. Some selection systems accommodate these attitudes by providing alternative service outside combat-operations roles or even outside the military, such as siviilipalvelus (alternative civil service) in Finland, Zivildienst (compulsory community service) in Austria, Germany and Switzerland. Those conscripted may evade service, sometimes by leaving the country, and seeking asylum in another country. Most European nations later copied the system in peacetime, so that men at a certain age would serve 1–8 years on active duty and then transfer to the reserve force.Ĭonscription is controversial for a range of reasons, including conscientious objection to military engagements on religious or philosophical grounds political objection, for example to service for a disliked government or unpopular war sexism, in that historically men have been subject to the draft in the most cases and ideological objection, for example, to a perceived violation of individual rights. The modern system of near-universal national conscription for young men dates to the French Revolution in the 1790s, where it became the basis of a very large and powerful military. Conscription dates back to antiquity and it continues in some countries to the present day under various names. Conscription (also called the draft in the United States) is the state-mandated enlistment of people in a national service, mainly a military service.
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